Utilización de un método algorítmico y un sistema neurodifuso para localización de fallas en sistemas de distribución radiales

En este artículo se presenta una técnica para localización de fallas en sistemas de distribución. Se emplean dos metodologías: la primera considera el conocimiento de expertos y la segtll1da se basa en características de red, como configuración, cantidad de medidores disponibles, tipo de cargas, etc. Con las señales de tensión y corriente obtenidas de simulaciones en la subestación se hallan algunos parámetros que se denominan descriptores. Al final, con un alto nivel de precisión, se obtiene el lugar de ocurrencia de la falla. Dada la utilización de señales obtenidas en la subestación, la metodología propuesta puede ser implementada si se realizan algunos ajustes a los sistemas actuales, en especial la ubicación de medidores a lo largo de los conductores

Utilización de redes anfis y señales de corriente para localización de la zona de falla en sistemas de distribución de energía eléctrica

El problema de la localización de fallas en sistemas de distribución de energía eléctrica es muy importante debido a los requerimientos de continuidad del servicio, impuestos por las normativas de calidad propias del mercado eléctrico actual. En este articulo se presenta una alternativa de localización de fallas que sólo utiliza las señales de corriente medidas en la subestación de distribución, el conocimiento de la calibración del sistema de protecciones y redes neurodifusas ANFIS. A partir de las pruebas realizadas en un sistema de distribución prototipo, se obtienen buenos resultados para la localización de la zona donde se originó la falla. Estos resultados muestran la variación de la precisión del localizador ante el uso de diferentes características o descriptores de la señales de corriente. En el mejor de los casos, el error encontrado es inferior al 1%; pero también se presentan dos alternativas adicionales para las cuales el error es inferior al 4%, lo cual valida plenamente la propuesta aquí presentada.Fault location in power distribution systems is very important because of power service continuity requirements, mainly imposed by current electricity market quality standards. A fault location approach is adopted in this paper using current waveforms as measured at electricity substations, knowledge of protection-device settings and ANFIS networks. Good results were obtained from tests carried out in a prototype power distribution system to locate where faults were occurring. These results revealed variation in fault-locator precision due to using different current signal characteristics or descriptors. An error lower than 1% was obtained in the best case. Two more alternatives are also presented where errors were lower than 4%; such results validate the approach presented here

Diseño de una herramienta eficiente de simulación automática de fallas en sistemas eléctricos de potencia

En este artículo se propone una alternativa eficiente para la simulación automática de fallas en sistemas de potencia a partir de una estrategia cooperativa entre Matlab® y el ATP. Esta estrategia de simulación permite reducir el tiempo para la obtención de una base de datos de fallas, tal como lo demuestran los resultados comparativos obtenidos en el caso de cuatro sistemas diferentes, donde se obtuvieron reducciones promedio del 96% en el tiempo de simulación, con respecto al tiempo de simulación obtenido con las metodologías clásicas. Las bases de datos obtenidas a partir de las simulaciones son normalmente utilizadas para ajustar herramientas de computación suave aplicadas a la resolución de problemas, tal como el aquí referenciado y asociado a la localización de fallas en sistemas de distribución de energía eléctrica

Reducción de la dimensionalidad con componentes principales y técnica de búsqueda de la proyección aplicada a la clasificación de nuevos datos

En muchas ocasiones el investigador se ve enfrentado a una gran cantidad de datos que describen un fenómeno. Cuando se ha caracterizado el conjunto de datos y se requieren clasificar nuevos individuos aparecen técnicas tales como el Análisis Discriminante, aunque no siempre es posible aplicarla; por esta razón las redes neuronales aparecen como una técnica alternativa para discriminar conjuntos de datos. En este artículo se muestran los resultados obtenidos al entrenar y validar una red neuronal con las componentes principales de una base de datos multivariada y con las proyecciones obtenidas por medio de la técnica de búsqueda de proyección, la tasa de error de clasificación es el parámetro que mide la calidad de las respuestas y el nivel de aprendizaje de la red. Para evaluar, comparar y validar los resultados se tomó una base de datos compuesta por 20 variables y 24.474 datos. Se obtuvieron excelentes resultados, en los que se destacan los obtenidos usando búsqueda de la proyección

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Search for anomalous production of events with three or more leptons in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published articles title, journal citation, and DOI.A search for physics beyond the standard model in events with at least three leptons is presented. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5fb-1 of proton-proton collisions with center-of-mass energy s=8TeV, was collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2012. The data are divided into exclusive categories based on the number of leptons and their flavor, the presence or absence of an opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pair (OSSF), the invariant mass of the OSSF pair, the presence or absence of a tagged bottom-quark jet, the number of identified hadronically decaying τ leptons, and the magnitude of the missing transverse energy and of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta. The numbers of observed events are found to be consistent with the expected numbers from standard model processes, and limits are placed on new-physics scenarios that yield multilepton final states. In particular, scenarios that predict Higgs boson production in the context of supersymmetric decay chains are examined. We also place a 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.3% on the branching fraction for the decay of a top quark to a charm quark and a Higgs boson (t→cH), which translates to a bound on the left- and right-handed top-charm flavor-violating Higgs Yukawa couplings, λtcH and λctH, respectively, of |λtcH|2+|λctH|2<0.21